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Storm News
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Australian Weather Mailing List Archives: Saturday, 17 April 1999 |
From Subject
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001 "Marty" [martyp at dynamite.com.au] Emergency Siren
002 Phil Bagust [paisley at cobweb.com.au] Giant Sydney hail in the freezer
003 Phil Bagust [paisley at cobweb.com.au] Adelaides weather or lack of :)
004 Lindsay [writer at lisp.com.au] Softly , softly approach to bureau
005 Lindsay [writer at lisp.com.au] Brisbane Totals + Brisbane Froze O'night
006 Lindsay [writer at lisp.com.au] Lightning Visible from Blue Mtns
007 "W.A. (Bill) Webb" [billwebb at tpgi.com.au] May to July Climate Outlook
008 Anthony Cornelius [cyclone at stealth.com.au] Sydney T'storm - April 14, Model Data Request
009 Andrew Wall [astroman at wantree.com.au] Adelaides weather or lack of :)
010 "Michael Thompson" [michaelt at ozemail.com.au] Sydney T'storm - April 14, Model Data Request
011 Michael Fewings [mike at strikeone.com.au] Lightning and rain
012 "Ben Tichborne" [tich at netaccess.co.nz] NZ cold snap - snow around Christchurch
013 Chris Maunder [cmaunder at dynamite.com.au] Sydney storm makes news around the world
014 Tim Grugeon [timg at iniaccess.net.au] NZ cold snap - snow around Christchurch
015 Tim Grugeon [timg at iniaccess.net.au] Lightning and rain
016 Blair Trewin [blair at met.Unimelb.EDU.AU] Tropical Low finally getting its act together
017 Michael Bath [mbath at ozemail.com.au] NSW thunderstorm warning
018 Michael Bath [mbath at ozemail.com.au] hailstorm damage survey
019 Les Crossan [les.crossan at virgin.net] Sydney storm makes news around the world
020 Don White [donwhite at ozemail.com.au] The Sydney Storm a whole lotta bull anway!!
021 "Nandina Morris" [nandina at alphalink.com.au] The Sydney Storm a whole lotta bull anway!!
022 Jimmy Deguara [jimmyd at ozemail.com.au] Tim Crugeon
023 Jimmy Deguara [jimmyd at ozemail.com.au] Storms in N NSW
024 Jimmy Deguara [jimmyd at ozemail.com.au] hailstorm damage survey
025 Chris Maunder [cmaunder at dynamite.com.au] hailstorm damage survey
026 Jimmy Deguara [jimmyd at ozemail.com.au] hailstorm damage survey
027 "Michael Thompson" [michaelt at ozemail.com.au] hailstorm damage survey
028 "Michael Thompson" [michaelt at ozemail.com.au] hailstorm damage survey
029 Chris Maunder [cmaunder at dynamite.com.au] Lightning Photos
030 "Jane ONeill" [cadence at rubix.net.au] Lightning Photos
031 Bodie_27 at postmaster.co.uk Pictures
032 Keith Barnett [weather at ozemail.com.au] Softly , softly approach to bureau
033 Keith Barnett [weather at ozemail.com.au] Seven Hills weather data
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001
From: "Marty" [martyp at dynamite.com.au]
To: [aussie-weather at world.std.com]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Emergency Siren
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 02:04:37 +1000
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I also heard that apparently this warning signal (or perhaps another similar
sound) was actually valid, current and in use in some country areas where
Martin/Molloy was broadcasting, sending these regional communities into a
frenzy!
Marty.
Brisbane, Australia
martyp at dynamite.com.au
Images of Canberra: http://www2.dynamite.com.au/martyp
Lightning Photos: http://www2.dynamite.com.au/martyp/lightning
ICQ: 11790565
-----Original Message-----
From: Chris Maunder [cmaunder at dynamite.com.au]
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com [aussie-weather at world.std.com]
Date: Friday, 16 April 1999 13:22
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Emergency Siren
>Yeah - Martin & Molloy had great fun playing the siren sound every
>5 minutes on the day before it became the official warning signal
>(and hence could only be played in emergencies).
>
>At 12:27 16/04/99 , you wrote:
>>Hi Blair and all,
>>
>>Apparently last year, each capital city had a warning siren (the same
>>siren at the TC warning one) placed in its CBD, this was to be used for
>>fires/TC's/severe events etc. Radio stations have also been given a
>>'record' of the siren, and when they are told too - they are to
>>broadcast this over the radio. It is an extremely effective way IMO(In
>>My Opinion) as people suddenly take note - it should only be used in
>>very severe situations though. As of yet, I have not heard it used,
>>except for TC warnings, and at the current level, I don't believe it
>>ever will be used for anything else except for TC's.
>>
>>Anthony Cornelius
>>
>>Blair Trewin wrote:
>>>
>>> >
>>> > Hi Paul and all,
>>> > I assume that the authority to use the siren comes from the Bureau in
>>> > its warning.
>>> > - Paul G.
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > >From: Anthony Cornelius
>>> > >Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
>>> > >To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
>>> > >Subject: Re: aus-wx: Sydney Supercell, April 14, 1999
>>> > >Date: Thu, 15 Apr 1999 20:48:38 +1000
>>> > >
>>> > >Public Education is again the key! People should be constantly
>>> > reminded
>>> > >about this, I would imagine that the panic caused by the sounding of
>>> > the
>>> > >siren during the storm event would have possibly resulted in further
>>> > >injury...
>>> > >
>>> > >Anthony Cornelius
>>> Does NSW even have emergency sirens? (presumably they have some sort
>>> of system - for use in wartime if nothing else - but I've never heard
>>> of them being used in NSW for weather warnings, unlike northern
>>> Australia where they're routinely used for cyclones).
>>>
>>> If sirens are rarely or never used for this purpose, it probably would
>>> have been a waste of time to use them on Wednesday - most people
>>> wouldn't have known what it meant (they might have thought that the
>>> Yugoslavs had launched an air raid!).
>>>
>>> Blair Trewin
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>> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
>>
>------------------------------------------------------
>Chris Maunder Canberra, Australia
>Administrator CodeGuru - www.codeguru.com
>Technical Consultant Dundas software - www.dundas.com
>
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002
X-Sender: paisley at mail.cobweb.com.au
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 07:43:42 +0930
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Phil Bagust [paisley at cobweb.com.au]
Subject: RE: aus-wx: Giant Sydney hail in the freezer
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
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Hi All,
>I have often observed a sharp but temporary increase in preciptation
>immediately after a close CG. I theorise that electrical field strength
>plays a part in holding charged water droplets suspended in association
>with updrafts.
Yes, I've noticed it too, even with quite weak cells. At first I thought
it was just a subjective effect (close CG's presumably mean that the rain
is also close) but the time coupling is so striking that I'm sure it's more
than that...
>My theory is that a CG burst causes a massive discharging of the storm,
>causing huge drops in the electrical field strength subsequently removing
>forces assisting suspension a large amount of charged rain drops -
>initiating a downburst. Once started this causes a runaway effect due to
>falling rain dragging air which lowers air resistance, etc.. Certainly
>what got Turramurra was a severe microburst strong enough to lift large
>trees out of the ground and deliver them root ball first through roofs of
>houses (media report).
Interesting. Any other theories??
Phil 'Paisley' Bagust
paisley at cobweb.com.au
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003
X-Sender: paisley at mail.cobweb.com.au
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 07:56:06 +0930
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Phil Bagust [paisley at cobweb.com.au]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Adelaides weather or lack of :)
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
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>Looking back in 1998 our season started quite good, infact our first storm
>for the 98/99 season (Sept 22nd) was really spectacular, I managed to get a
>few shots of this storm but unfortunately most of the lightning was inside
>the cloud when it made it's way over the land.
That was a great storm! I had a massive anvil crawler go of directly above
my old house at Beulah Park. Flash and crash were virtually simultaneous.
Next door neigbours dog went nuts! Pity it was at night (from the visible
structure point of view). Andrew, wasn't this the storm that dropped golf
ball hail on the Virginia area and did a lot of market garden damage??
Phil 'Paisley' Bagust
paisley at cobweb.com.au
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004
Date: Fri, 16 Apr 1999 11:05:20 -0700
From: Lindsay [writer at lisp.com.au]
X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (Win16; I)
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Softly , softly approach to bureau
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Good Thoughts Jimmy,
Generally speaking, if you yell (attack) at someone, via a literal yell
or use strong, attacking words, you will get a yell back , be it via a
literal yell or an interalised one, which can be worse. Provoking people
almost always ends up defeating your initial purpose. Obviously we
aren't responsible for another persons feelings and all people react
differently to provocation to some degree, but there are ways to phrase
langauge to get the best out of people, especially when it comes to the
media and the BOM, in this context.
Lindsay
Jimmy Deguara wrote:
>
> I was talking to Clyve from Victoria and he agrees that perhaps offering
> support to the Bureau and making them more aware of ASWA in spite of the
> Michael T situation. As a teacher, teachers are taught that offering
> suggestions rather than criticism is the best option and achieves success.
> I want to keep the media out of it except for offers/invitations from radio
> stations etc such as my talk to the radio station last year during the
> major chase last year. Sometimes, though, they avoid what you want to tell
> them (eg ASWA) and just ask various other questions.
>
> Jimmy Deguara
>
> At 16:11 15/04/99 +0930, you wrote:
> >Errr,
> >
> >Is this an occaision where some sort of ASWA press release may be
> >appropriate? Has anybody considered doing this? Don't get me wrong,
> >nothing to do with criticising the BOM (I'm sure that will all come out in
> >the wash one way or another), but merely as timely way of introducing the
> >concept of severe weather to a public who still think that the US is the
> >only place that gets this kind of event (possibly even the ones that got
> >hailed on - it was a 'freak event' after all - I suspect that's how many
> >people will rationalise it).
> >
> >I don't know whether the media would run with an ASWA press release (AWSA
> >who?), possibly they might only be interested in a controversial angle (I
> >can see it now...."Tornado boffins slam BOM incompetance") but maybe its
> >worth a try if it can educate the public.
> >
> >
> >My 0.02 from a safe, dry, and boringly stable Adelaide
> >
> >Phil 'Paisley' Bagust
> >paisley at cobweb.com.au
> >
> >
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> > -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
> >
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
> ---------------
> Jimmy Deguara
> Vice President ASWA
> from Schofields, Sydney
> e-mail: jimmyd at ozemail.com.au
> homepage with Michael Bath
> http://www.australiansevereweather.simplenet.com/
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005
Date: Thu, 15 Apr 1999 04:38:52 -0700
From: Lindsay [writer at lisp.com.au]
X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (Win16; I)
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Brisbane Totals + Brisbane Froze O'night
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Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Fascinating Blair,
In Blackheath we can have vastly different temp readings compared to the
ones they give for Katoomba and I have wondered why. We are only about
12 k's from Katoomba and admittedly a touch higher and on a narrow ridge
but the difference in readings at times is ridiculous. The max and min
temps for Katoomba compared to Blackheath can be degrees different. I've
had days where Katoombas max (like yesterday , wednesday) was given as
21 and I got 17 here at Blackheath.
Lindsay
Blair Trewin wrote:
>
> >
> > Interesting Anthony,
> >
> > I have relly's in brisbane and they have had colder temps than the
> > Brisban airport readings.
> >
> > Curiously, whilst my town is around 1100 metres altitude and almost
> > always has winter days of 2 to -2 we don't often get colder than that.
> > Colder air sinks into the valleys I guess. i think the air record low is
> > around -9 in Katoomba so maybe -10 here. Still, we can have days where
> > it hovers around Zero all day, not to mention that lovely white stuff
> > that falls now nd then.
> The -8.2 at Katoomba is a highly suspect observation; a more probable
> record low is -5.6. (On the day when Katoomba supposedly reached -8.2
> no other station in the region was much below 0). Katoomba is a warm
> site (relatively speaking) for minimum temperature, probably because
> of its position on top of the range. (While I'm not familiar with
> the actual site, I'm also aware that Simon Torok, when he was doing
> his study of the quality of long-term Australian temperature records,
> gave Katoomba a rating of 5, the worst possible; I'm not sure why).
>
> Blair Trewin
>
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006
Date: Thu, 15 Apr 1999 04:45:41 -0700
From: Lindsay [writer at lisp.com.au]
X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (Win16; I)
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Lightning Visible from Blue Mtns
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WE could see the lightning from the Sydney hail storms way up here in
Blackheath!
Lindsay
Matthew Piper wrote:
>
> Hi Everyone,
>
> I can currently see the lightning from the Wollongong storm all the way from
> where I am in the Lower Blue Mountains. I agree with Michael Thompson when
> he said its putting on a great lightning show. There seems to be a flash
> every few seconds from what I can see.
>
> Matthew Piper
>
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> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
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007
From: "W.A. (Bill) Webb" [billwebb at tpgi.com.au]
To: [aussie-weather at world.std.com]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: May to July Climate Outlook
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 10:02:28 +1000
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-----Original Message-----
From: Blair Trewin [blair at met.Unimelb.EDU.AU]
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com [aussie-weather at world.std.com]
Date: Friday, 16 April 1999 17:38
Subject: Re: aus-wx: May to July Climate Outlook
>>
>> Any word on rainfall in the southern tablelands (say, Thredbo and
Perisher? :)
>I don't think there's much significant signal either way. (At this
>time of year there's reasonable forecast skill near the NSW coast,
>but not a lot further inland).
Site specific climate outlooks can be viewed using the software "Australian
Rainman" developed by BoM and Qld Department of Primary Industries". I think
it costs about $250. The package uses historical data, SOI, and SST's to
output tabular and graphical representation of outlooks.
You can get a broad look and further information from the Long Paddock
website
http://www.dnr.qld.gov.au/longpdk/
cheers
Bill
Proserpine
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008
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 10:51:10 +1000
From: Anthony Cornelius [cyclone at stealth.com.au]
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I)
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Subject: aus-wx: Sydney T'storm - April 14, Model Data Request
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
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Hi all,
I was wondering if anyone could please send me any 6Z upper
level/surface model and/or analysis maps for the Sydney area on April
14? These could include RH, Temps, Streamlines, Wind strengths, VV's
etc - I have some of these for 12Z if people are interested...
Anthony Cornelius
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009
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Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 10:36:56 +0900
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Andrew Wall [astroman at wantree.com.au]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Adelaides weather or lack of :)
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
hey Phil,
As I recall yes it was, heaps of green houses and the like were damaged,
luckly only a few cars were damaged in that one.
At 07:56 4/17/99 +0930, you wrote:
>
>>Looking back in 1998 our season started quite good, infact our first storm
>>for the 98/99 season (Sept 22nd) was really spectacular, I managed to get a
>>few shots of this storm but unfortunately most of the lightning was inside
>>the cloud when it made it's way over the land.
>
>That was a great storm! I had a massive anvil crawler go of directly above
>my old house at Beulah Park. Flash and crash were virtually simultaneous.
>Next door neigbours dog went nuts! Pity it was at night (from the visible
>structure point of view). Andrew, wasn't this the storm that dropped golf
>ball hail on the Virginia area and did a lot of market garden damage??
>
>Phil 'Paisley' Bagust
>paisley at cobweb.com.au
>
>
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> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
>
>
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010
From: "Michael Thompson" [michaelt at ozemail.com.au]
To: [aussie-weather at world.std.com]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Sydney T'storm - April 14, Model Data Request
Date: Sat, 18 Apr 1998 10:08:36 +1000
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I hope you them !!
I would be interested in seeing what you get.
I must admit that my thoughts of the days potential can be summed in the
fact that I had no charged video camera batteries, I left my camera at work,
and I wasn't even paying much attention to the sky. All that changed at
5.30pm when I got home and started to take interest in what I thought was a
weak storm.
The more I think about it the explosive I realise it was, it went beserk in
just 15mins, the radar which being precip based did not do it justice as
there was this enormous black rain free base that shot out CG's.
Michael
-----Original Message-----
From: Anthony Cornelius [cyclone at stealth.com.au]
To: Australian Weather Mailing List [aussie-weather at world.std.com]
Date: Saturday, 17 April 1999 10:56
Subject: aus-wx: Sydney T'storm - April 14, Model Data Request
>Hi all,
>
>I was wondering if anyone could please send me any 6Z upper
>level/surface model and/or analysis maps for the Sydney area on April
>14? These could include RH, Temps, Streamlines, Wind strengths, VV's
>etc - I have some of these for 12Z if people are interested...
>
>Anthony Cornelius
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> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
>
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011
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 09:45:47 +0800
From: Michael Fewings [mike at strikeone.com.au]
Organization: Strike One Lightning Photos
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To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Subject: aus-wx: Lightning and rain
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
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Hi all,
I posted this thread to another list about lightning and a reply by Harald
edens offers another theory. I thought it was very interesting.
>From: Harald Edens
Hi Mike, all
It seems a plausible explanation to me, Mike. I thought
about it and can think of one other explanation:
The rain originates from the anvil of the storm (starts as
snowflakes, falls, melts, is lifted up again by an updraft,
freezes into hail and descends again, etc). I may conclude
that this rain or hail is charged like the anvil is,
oppositely to cloud base potential.
When this charged precipitation reaches the cloud base the
electrical field increases due to the oppositely charged
regions of rainfall downdraft and cloud base, to a point of
electrical breakdown. This may result in a cg. Maybe the rain
or hail, which consists of a relatively small number of charged
particles per unit volume as compared to charged cloud
droplets, will not discharge the breakdown leader that much,
and the breakdown continues downwards or upwards or whatever
direction, to become either a cc (connecting cloud droplet
regions) or a cg (connecting cloud droplet region to ground).
In other words, perhaps a breakdown leader originating from a
pocket of cloud droplets and connecting to the rainfall might
not be satisfactory, because the rain droplets get charged to
the leader potential, instead of the leader getting discharged,
and the leader may thus advance to ground.
compare this story to an airplane getting struck by
lightning: the plane is struck, and instantly becomes
charged. The leader continues to ground via the airplane.
A strike to ground would be more favorable since ground is at
larger potential difference with cloud base as mutual regions
of cloud base and intracloud regions, and ground is relatively
close to cloud base.
In this view, I'd conclude rainfall out of the cloud stimulates
lightning near cloud base, and thus stimulates cg lightning.
Also, (and this may explain why cg's may occur proceeding heavier
rainfall) the effect would be most effective when a (new) downdraft
of heavy or heavier rain just reaches the cloud base for the
first time, because then the electrical field would increase
vastly in a short period of time.
But all this is just my thoughts, may be completely wrong
about this! For example, there seem to be more charged
regions in thunderstorms than just anvil plus charge and
cloud base minus... there may also be 'layers' in cloud
of opposite charge closer to cloud base than the anvil.
I'm not sure if difference in cloud droplets and rain droplet
sizes can account for sufficient voltage gradients as to
produce lightning. The particles of different sizes will be
charged differently, but maybe not enough. (just a thought)
Hope to hear some other theories on this interesting topic.
Harald.
http://gene.wins.uva.nl/~heedens/index.html
--
Michael Fewings
Strike One Lightning Photos
http://strikeone.com.au
Phil Bagust wrote:
> Hi All,
>
> >I have often observed a sharp but temporary increase in preciptation
> >immediately after a close CG. I theorise that electrical field strength
> >plays a part in holding charged water droplets suspended in association
> >with updrafts.
>
> Yes, I've noticed it too, even with quite weak cells. At first I thought
> it was just a subjective effect (close CG's presumably mean that the rain
> is also close) but the time coupling is so striking that I'm sure it's more
> than that...
>
> >My theory is that a CG burst causes a massive discharging of the storm,
> >causing huge drops in the electrical field strength subsequently removing
> >forces assisting suspension a large amount of charged rain drops -
> >initiating a downburst. Once started this causes a runaway effect due to
> >falling rain dragging air which lowers air resistance, etc.. Certainly
> >what got Turramurra was a severe microburst strong enough to lift large
> >trees out of the ground and deliver them root ball first through roofs of
> >houses (media report).
>
> Interesting. Any other theories??
>
> Phil 'Paisley' Bagust
> paisley at cobweb.com.au
>
> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> To unsubscribe from aussie-weather send e-mail to:majordomo at world.std.com
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> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
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012
From: "Ben Tichborne" [tich at netaccess.co.nz]
To: [aussie-weather at world.std.com]
Subject: aus-wx: NZ cold snap - snow around Christchurch
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 14:14:34 +1200
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In a very rare occurrence for April, sleet and a few snowflakes have
showered Christchurch this morning. A light dusting of snow settled to
about 250 metres on the nearby Port Hills. The cold outbreak is now lashing
the North Island, with snow falling on the central high country.
Thunderstorms struck large areas of the island overnight, these being
severe in Taranaki.
Incidentally, the renmants of the big Sydney storm crossed the Tasman to
give Wellington a spectacular lightning show in the early hours of Thursday
morning - I haven't heard any reports of hail with that storm. (it had
obviously weakened a lot!)
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013
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Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 12:31:00 +1000
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Chris Maunder [cmaunder at dynamite.com.au]
Subject: aus-wx: Sydney storm makes news around the world
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Was talking to a friend in the states this morning
and she asked if I was OK after the monstrous storm
Australia got.
OK - so the details may have been mangled abit as
the story changed hands in the states, but it seems
that it was severe enough to make the news over there.
I'm just waiting to hear about the storm that lashed
Sydney, the capital city of Australia :)
cheers,
Chris
------------------------------------------------------
Chris Maunder Canberra, Australia
Administrator CodeGuru - www.codeguru.com
Technical Consultant Dundas software - www.dundas.com
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014
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 13:12:13 +1000
From: Tim Grugeon [timg at iniaccess.net.au]
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en] (Win95; I)
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Subject: Re: aus-wx: NZ cold snap - snow around Christchurch
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
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The weather you are getting over there in New Zealand at the moment doesn't
surprise me. Afterall, that was a pretty nice looking cold front and low
pressure system that was moving over your region. It will be great for the
skies when your season starts.
Tim Grugeon (new subscriber)
Morpeth, NSW
Ben Tichborne wrote:
> In a very rare occurrence for April, sleet and a few snowflakes have
> showered Christchurch this morning. A light dusting of snow settled to
> about 250 metres on the nearby Port Hills. The cold outbreak is now lashing
> the North Island, with snow falling on the central high country.
> Thunderstorms struck large areas of the island overnight, these being
> severe in Taranaki.
>
> Incidentally, the renmants of the big Sydney storm crossed the Tasman to
> give Wellington a spectacular lightning show in the early hours of Thursday
> morning - I haven't heard any reports of hail with that storm. (it had
> obviously weakened a lot!)
>
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> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
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015
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 13:06:05 +1000
From: Tim Grugeon [timg at iniaccess.net.au]
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.04 [en] (Win95; I)
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Lightning and rain
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
G'day! I am a new subscriber from the Maitland (NSW) area.
An interesting thing I want to know is it possible for snowflakes or ice crystal
can get caught in the layers of the hail stone. I can remember years ago, I may
have herd this from somewhere.
The hail, which we know, forms above the freezing level. In contrast it is often
above this level where the ice crystals are present.
The ice crystal, however, is a different form of solid liquid to that of normal
ice, such as hail.
Could anyone give me a filling on this theory.
Tim Grugeon
Morpeth, NSW
Michael Fewings wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> I posted this thread to another list about lightning and a reply by Harald
> edens offers another theory. I thought it was very interesting.
>
> From: Harald Edens
>
> Hi Mike, all
>
> It seems a plausible explanation to me, Mike. I thought
> about it and can think of one other explanation:
>
> The rain originates from the anvil of the storm (starts as
> snowflakes, falls, melts, is lifted up again by an updraft,
> freezes into hail and descends again, etc). I may conclude
> that this rain or hail is charged like the anvil is,
> oppositely to cloud base potential.
> When this charged precipitation reaches the cloud base the
> electrical field increases due to the oppositely charged
> regions of rainfall downdraft and cloud base, to a point of
> electrical breakdown. This may result in a cg. Maybe the rain
> or hail, which consists of a relatively small number of charged
> particles per unit volume as compared to charged cloud
> droplets, will not discharge the breakdown leader that much,
> and the breakdown continues downwards or upwards or whatever
> direction, to become either a cc (connecting cloud droplet
> regions) or a cg (connecting cloud droplet region to ground).
>
> In other words, perhaps a breakdown leader originating from a
> pocket of cloud droplets and connecting to the rainfall might
> not be satisfactory, because the rain droplets get charged to
> the leader potential, instead of the leader getting discharged,
> and the leader may thus advance to ground.
>
> compare this story to an airplane getting struck by
> lightning: the plane is struck, and instantly becomes
> charged. The leader continues to ground via the airplane.
>
> A strike to ground would be more favorable since ground is at
> larger potential difference with cloud base as mutual regions
> of cloud base and intracloud regions, and ground is relatively
> close to cloud base.
>
> In this view, I'd conclude rainfall out of the cloud stimulates
> lightning near cloud base, and thus stimulates cg lightning.
> Also, (and this may explain why cg's may occur proceeding heavier
> rainfall) the effect would be most effective when a (new) downdraft
> of heavy or heavier rain just reaches the cloud base for the
> first time, because then the electrical field would increase
> vastly in a short period of time.
>
> But all this is just my thoughts, may be completely wrong
> about this! For example, there seem to be more charged
> regions in thunderstorms than just anvil plus charge and
> cloud base minus... there may also be 'layers' in cloud
> of opposite charge closer to cloud base than the anvil.
>
> I'm not sure if difference in cloud droplets and rain droplet
> sizes can account for sufficient voltage gradients as to
> produce lightning. The particles of different sizes will be
> charged differently, but maybe not enough. (just a thought)
>
> Hope to hear some other theories on this interesting topic.
>
> Harald.
>
> http://gene.wins.uva.nl/~heedens/index.html
>
> --
> Michael Fewings
> Strike One Lightning Photos
> http://strikeone.com.au
>
> Phil Bagust wrote:
>
> > Hi All,
> >
> > >I have often observed a sharp but temporary increase in preciptation
> > >immediately after a close CG. I theorise that electrical field strength
> > >plays a part in holding charged water droplets suspended in association
> > >with updrafts.
> >
> > Yes, I've noticed it too, even with quite weak cells. At first I thought
> > it was just a subjective effect (close CG's presumably mean that the rain
> > is also close) but the time coupling is so striking that I'm sure it's more
> > than that...
> >
> > >My theory is that a CG burst causes a massive discharging of the storm,
> > >causing huge drops in the electrical field strength subsequently removing
> > >forces assisting suspension a large amount of charged rain drops -
> > >initiating a downburst. Once started this causes a runaway effect due to
> > >falling rain dragging air which lowers air resistance, etc.. Certainly
> > >what got Turramurra was a severe microburst strong enough to lift large
> > >trees out of the ground and deliver them root ball first through roofs of
> > >houses (media report).
> >
> > Interesting. Any other theories??
> >
> > Phil 'Paisley' Bagust
> > paisley at cobweb.com.au
> >
> > +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> > To unsubscribe from aussie-weather send e-mail to:majordomo at world.std.com
> > with "unsubscribe aussie-weather your_email_address" in the body of your
> > message.
> > -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
>
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> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
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016
From: Blair Trewin [blair at met.Unimelb.EDU.AU]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Tropical Low finally getting its act together
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 15:09:25 +1000 (EST)
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>
>
> Could be interesting next week if it continues its westward movement :)
> 5th Cat 5 ? we will have to wait and see :)
>
Actually, it's moving south, slowly. Once a cyclone enters the Gulf,
most of them move within the Gulf and make landfall somewhere on its
shore. I'd be very surprised if this one ends up moving across to
WA. (It's not unknown for cyclones in mid-season to cross the Top End
and regenerate as they move back out over water north of WA - the
system that caused the 1998 Katherine flood did this - but this is
late in the year for this to happen). A more common occurrence for
Gulf cyclones is for them to cross Cape York Peninsula and intensify
off the east coast.
It's also unusual for a Gulf cyclone to get beyond Category 2, although
Kathy did reach Category 4 in 1984. They're usually more notbale for
rain than wind.
Blair Trewin
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017
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Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 17:01:49 +1000
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Michael Bath [mbath at ozemail.com.au]
Subject: aus-wx: NSW thunderstorm warning
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM ADVICE
BUREAU OF METEOROLOGY
NEW SOUTH WALES REGIONAL OFFICE
Issued at 1455 on Saturday the 17th of April 1999
This advice affects people in the following weather districts:
Northwest Plains, Central west Plains north of Coonamble, Upper Western east
of Brewarrina.
There is a chance of isolated severe thunderstorms occurring this area this
afternoon, with possibly damaging hail, or destructive winds.
*==========================================================*
Michael Bath Oakhurst, Sydney mbath at ozemail.com.au
Australian Severe Weather
http://australiansevereweather.simplenet.com/
*==========================================================*
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018
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Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 17:20:36 +1000
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Michael Bath [mbath at ozemail.com.au]
Subject: aus-wx: hailstorm damage survey
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Jimmy Deguara, Matt Smith, Matthew Piper and myself visited the worst storm
affected suburbs today: Redfern, Erskinville, Roseberry, Zetland, Kingsford
and Kensington (and surrounding areas too).
We have recorded amazing footage of roof and car damage in those areas, in
some streets all house have major damage, cars are driving around with
smashed or cracked windows, tree litter everywhere and you can see the hail
impact holes in grassed areas. The damage has certainly beed caused by hail
between 7 and 9cm diameter driven by strong but not severe S-SE winds.
There was no evidence of severe winds in the areas we visited.
Michael
*==========================================================*
Michael Bath Oakhurst, Sydney mbath at ozemail.com.au
Australian Severe Weather
http://australiansevereweather.simplenet.com/
*==========================================================*
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019
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 08:26:52 +0100
From: Les Crossan [les.crossan at virgin.net]
Organization: Personal - ICQ 1729776 - note all times in GMT
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.51 [en] (Win98; I)
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To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Sydney storm makes news around the world
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
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Chris Maunder wrote:
> I'm just waiting to hear about the storm that lashed
> Sydney, the capital city of Australia :)
>
> cheers,
> Chris
>
It didn't make the BBC news, but did make it into the World Service. Most of
my chaser friends got it from the 'Net.
Something about a "freak storm hits Sydney", supercells are so freak in
Australia, you know (:
Les
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020
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 18:43:43 +1000
From: Don White [donwhite at ozemail.com.au]
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win98; I)
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To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Subject: Re: aus-wx: The Sydney Storm a whole lotta bull anway!!
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
My only comment is if you take the attitude "who would listen.... " or
"who would have heard it anyway... " then why bother with severe weather
warnings at all ??
Don W.
Michael_Bath at amp.com.au wrote:
>
> >My final word on the Sydney storm. In all reality if a warning was out
> >who would have heard it anyway? Of those who did hear it, who would have
> >acted on it? All those homes would still be damaged. So its all
> >hypotectical bullshit if you ask me. The media do nothing to help when
> >warnings are out.
> [snip]
>
> I'm a little surprised by this comment. In areas/cities where large hail
> does occur fairly regularly (eg Sydney & Brisbane), many people do take
> note of the advices and warnings issued by the BoM via the media. Obviously
> nothing could be done to prevent damage to homes, but given that 60,000
> cars were damaged, many thousands could have been moved by the more
> cautious owners. Reional NSW TV stations display advices as scrolling
> messages during broadcasts, however this does not happen in Sydney and is
> sadly a major disspointment of the networks here.
>
> Education will help those with some interest in weather, but you cannot
> educate those with no interest or desire to know.
>
> Michael
>
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> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
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021
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: "Nandina Morris" [nandina at alphalink.com.au]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: The Sydney Storm a whole lotta bull anway!!
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 99 19:21:26 PDT
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by penman.es.mq.edu.au id TAA05147
Dear all,
I've been watching the postings around this topic and, of course, was reminded of the Sydney-Hobart tragedy, too. Strange the same sorts of criticisms - dare I say accusation? were levelled at the same sort of people. Maybe some just are slow learners. Maybe there still are not sufficient concrete indicators for timely warnings - and maybe people are human enough to need to let off some steam, look to lay blame and generally be intolerant of fools.
BUT - pehaps if we all take the attitude - things must get better! Let's try to work together to achieve that goal - as I know many of the list are doing, then we can be more tolerant of what has happened before they knew any better, and before WE knew how to teach them.
Off soap box.
Just trying to get a positive perspective:-)
Cheers,
Nandina
nandina at alphalink.com.au
----------
> My only comment is if you take the attitude "who would listen.... " or
> "who would have heard it anyway... " then why bother with severe weather
> warnings at all ??
> Don W.
>
> Michael_Bath at amp.com.au wrote:
> >
> > >My final word on the Sydney storm. In all reality if a warning was out
> > >who would have heard it anyway? Of those who did hear it, who would have
> > >acted on it? All those homes would still be damaged. So its all
> > >hypotectical bullshit if you ask me. The media do nothing to help when
> > >warnings are out.
> > [snip]
> >
> > I'm a little surprised by this comment. In areas/cities where large hail
> > does occur fairly regularly (eg Sydney & Brisbane), many people do take
> > note of the advices and warnings issued by the BoM via the media. Obviously
> > nothing could be done to prevent damage to homes, but given that 60,000
> > cars were damaged, many thousands could have been moved by the more
> > cautious owners. Reional NSW TV stations display advices as scrolling
> > messages during broadcasts, however this does not happen in Sydney and is
> > sadly a major disspointment of the networks here.
> >
> > Education will help those with some interest in weather, but you cannot
> > educate those with no interest or desire to know.
> >
> > Michael
> >
> > +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> > To unsubscribe from aussie-weather send e-mail to:majordomo at world.std.com
> > with "unsubscribe aussie-weather your_email_address" in the body of your
> > message.
> > -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
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> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
>
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022
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Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 19:21:36 +1000
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Jimmy Deguara [jimmyd at ozemail.com.au]
Subject: aus-wx: Tim Crugeon
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Hi Jimmy here,
I have finally got Tim Crugeon on the list and alas.... Tim you have tell
them more about yourself: what you do, your particular area of interest and
so on, your weather station.
Jimmy Deguara
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------
Jimmy Deguara
Vice President ASWA
from Schofields, Sydney
e-mail: jimmyd at ozemail.com.au
homepage with Michael Bath
http://www.australiansevereweather.simplenet.com/
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023
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Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 19:24:12 +1000
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Jimmy Deguara [jimmyd at ozemail.com.au]
Subject: aus-wx: Storms in N NSW
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Hi Jimmy here,
I was suspicious about the lingering of the trough and finally it has
produced the unsettled weather. I did not believe that this system would
not produce anything. Will see what happens over the next few days.
Jimmy Deguara
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------
Jimmy Deguara
Vice President ASWA
from Schofields, Sydney
e-mail: jimmyd at ozemail.com.au
homepage with Michael Bath
http://www.australiansevereweather.simplenet.com/
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024
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Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 19:35:24 +1000
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Jimmy Deguara [jimmyd at ozemail.com.au]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: hailstorm damage survey
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Jimmy here AGAIN hey get out -a - here mate
I know I have a nick that would not be popular in the area but this storm
has really attracted my sympathies for the people affected. My experience
from this storm however prompts one thought: what damage would there have
been if house did not have tiled roofs but corrugated iron roofs. Surely
they would have been dented but at least little if any water and other
forms of internal damage would have occurred. I will give this a thought in
future for myself.
This damage survey was my first real attempt. I would really encourage this
sort of experience for others in ASWA in the future. We approached this
very carefully and tried to NOT let others know that we were taking video
and photographs as much as possible. Nevertheless, I will transfer this
onto a tape to be viewed at the next ASWA meeting.
Jimmy Deguara
At 17:20 17/04/99 +1000, you wrote:
>Jimmy Deguara, Matt Smith, Matthew Piper and myself visited the worst storm
>affected suburbs today: Redfern, Erskinville, Roseberry, Zetland, Kingsford
>and Kensington (and surrounding areas too).
>
>We have recorded amazing footage of roof and car damage in those areas, in
>some streets all house have major damage, cars are driving around with
>smashed or cracked windows, tree little everywhere and you can see the hail
>impact holes in grassed areas. The damage has certainly beed caused by hail
>between 7 and 9cm diameter driven by strong but not severe S-SE winds.
>There was no evidence of severe winds in the areas we visited.
>
>Michael
>
>
>
>*==========================================================*
> Michael Bath Oakhurst, Sydney mbath at ozemail.com.au
> Australian Severe Weather
> http://australiansevereweather.simplenet.com/
>*==========================================================*
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> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
>
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------
Jimmy Deguara
Vice President ASWA
from Schofields, Sydney
e-mail: jimmyd at ozemail.com.au
homepage with Michael Bath
http://www.australiansevereweather.simplenet.com/
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025
X-Sender: cmaunder at mail.dynamite.com.au
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Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 19:58:57 +1000
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Chris Maunder [cmaunder at dynamite.com.au]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: hailstorm damage survey
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
At 19:35 17/04/99 , you wrote:
>what damage would there have
>been if house did not have tiled roofs but corrugated iron roofs. Surely
>they would have been dented but at least little if any water and other
>forms of internal damage would have occurred. I will give this a thought in
>future for myself.
Imagine the sound!! From the looks of the Sydney storm you would have
been deafened :)
BTW - what sort of roof would you prefer in an intense electrical storm?
- Chris
------------------------------------------------------
Chris Maunder Canberra, Australia
Administrator CodeGuru - www.codeguru.com
Technical Consultant Dundas software - www.dundas.com
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026
X-Sender: jimmyd at pop.ozemail.com.au
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Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 20:18:54 +1000
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Jimmy Deguara [jimmyd at ozemail.com.au]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: hailstorm damage survey
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Yeh it would have sounded great Chris but yeh good point. Certainly you
wouldn't want to stand on the roof!!!
Jimmy Deguara
At 19:58 17/04/99 +1000, you wrote:
>At 19:35 17/04/99 , you wrote:
>>what damage would there have
>>been if house did not have tiled roofs but corrugated iron roofs. Surely
>>they would have been dented but at least little if any water and other
>>forms of internal damage would have occurred. I will give this a thought in
>>future for myself.
>
>Imagine the sound!! From the looks of the Sydney storm you would have
>been deafened :)
>
>BTW - what sort of roof would you prefer in an intense electrical storm?
>
>- Chris
>------------------------------------------------------
>Chris Maunder Canberra, Australia
>Administrator CodeGuru - www.codeguru.com
>Technical Consultant Dundas software - www.dundas.com
>
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> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
>
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------
Jimmy Deguara
Vice President ASWA
from Schofields, Sydney
e-mail: jimmyd at ozemail.com.au
homepage with Michael Bath
http://www.australiansevereweather.simplenet.com/
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027
From: "Michael Thompson" [michaelt at ozemail.com.au]
To: [aussie-weather at world.std.com]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: hailstorm damage survey
Date: Sun, 18 Apr 1999 20:31:06 +1000
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
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A brief fall of hail did go about 500m east of me in Shellharbour on
Wednesday about 6pm, and I could hear that and it was only 5-10cent size.
Regards
Michael
>
>Imagine the sound!! From the looks of the Sydney storm you would have
>been deafened :)
>
>BTW - what sort of roof would you prefer in an intense electrical storm?
>
>- Chris
>------------------------------------------------------
>Chris Maunder Canberra, Australia
>Administrator CodeGuru - www.codeguru.com
>Technical Consultant Dundas software - www.dundas.com
>
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> message.
> -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
>
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028
From: "Michael Thompson" [michaelt at ozemail.com.au]
To: [aussie-weather at world.std.com]
Subject: Re: aus-wx: hailstorm damage survey
Date: Sun, 18 Apr 1999 20:29:24 +1000
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.3110.1
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I had the same thought when I was in Sydney on Thursday, the iron would give
easier, but would rarely be pierced.
Michael
>I know I have a nick that would not be popular in the area but this storm
>has really attracted my sympathies for the people affected. My experience
>from this storm however prompts one thought: what damage would there have
>been if house did not have tiled roofs but corrugated iron roofs. Surely
>they would have been dented but at least little if any water and other
>forms of internal damage would have occurred. I will give this a thought in
>future for myself.
>
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029
X-Sender: cmaunder at mail.dynamite.com.au
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Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 20:56:48 +1000
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
From: Chris Maunder [cmaunder at dynamite.com.au]
Subject: aus-wx: Lightning Photos
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Hi All,
I figured it was time I got off my butt and scanned and
posted some of my lightning shots. Check em out at
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Haven/2473/
There's a heap more to come but I've got too much work
to do tonight!
cheers,
Chris
------------------------------------------------------
Chris Maunder Canberra, Australia
Administrator CodeGuru - www.codeguru.com
Technical Consultant Dundas software - www.dundas.com
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-----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
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030
From: "Jane ONeill" [cadence at rubix.net.au]
To: [aussie-weather at world.std.com]
Subject: RE: aus-wx: Lightning Photos
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 21:20:38 +1000
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0
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Excellent pics Chris - and the pileus is stunning!!!!
Jane
Bayswater, Melbourne
>-----Original Message-----
>From: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
>[mailto:aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com]On Behalf Of Chris Maunder
>Sent: Saturday, 17 April 1999 8:57
>To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
>Subject: aus-wx: Lightning Photos
>
>
>Hi All,
>
>I figured it was time I got off my butt and scanned and
>posted some of my lightning shots.
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031
From: Bodie_27 at postmaster.co.uk
X-Lotus-Fromdomain: POSTMASTER
To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 14:07:13 +0100
Subject: RE: aus-wx: Pictures
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Hey Ben from Brisbane here..
Check these Pictures out..
http://www.photovault.com/Link/Universe/Planets_CloudsEarth/UPCV01P03_09.ht
ml
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032
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 23:26:40 +1000
From: Keith Barnett [weather at ozemail.com.au]
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; I)
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To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
Subject: Re: aus-wx: Softly , softly approach to bureau
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
Reply-To: aussie-weather at world.std.com
And 'a soft answer turns away anger'.....
Lindsay wrote:
>
> Good Thoughts Jimmy,
>
> Generally speaking, if you yell (attack) at someone, via a literal yell
> or use strong, attacking words, you will get a yell back , be it via a
> literal yell or an interalised one, which can be worse. Provoking people
> almost always ends up defeating your initial purpose. Obviously we
> aren't responsible for another persons feelings and all people react
> differently to provocation to some degree, but there are ways to phrase
> langauge to get the best out of people, especially when it comes to the
> media and the BOM, in this context.
>
> Lindsay
>
> Jimmy Deguara wrote:
> >
> > I was talking to Clyve from Victoria and he agrees that perhaps offering
> > support to the Bureau and making them more aware of ASWA in spite of the
> > Michael T situation. As a teacher, teachers are taught that offering
> > suggestions rather than criticism is the best option and achieves success.
> > I want to keep the media out of it except for offers/invitations from radio
> > stations etc such as my talk to the radio station last year during the
> > major chase last year. Sometimes, though, they avoid what you want to tell
> > them (eg ASWA) and just ask various other questions.
> >
> > Jimmy Deguara
> >
> > At 16:11 15/04/99 +0930, you wrote:
> > >Errr,
> > >
> > >Is this an occaision where some sort of ASWA press release may be
> > >appropriate? Has anybody considered doing this? Don't get me wrong,
> > >nothing to do with criticising the BOM (I'm sure that will all come out in
> > >the wash one way or another), but merely as timely way of introducing the
> > >concept of severe weather to a public who still think that the US is the
> > >only place that gets this kind of event (possibly even the ones that got
> > >hailed on - it was a 'freak event' after all - I suspect that's how many
> > >people will rationalise it).
> > >
> > >I don't know whether the media would run with an ASWA press release (AWSA
> > >who?), possibly they might only be interested in a controversial angle (I
> > >can see it now...."Tornado boffins slam BOM incompetance") but maybe its
> > >worth a try if it can educate the public.
> > >
> > >
> > >My 0.02 from a safe, dry, and boringly stable Adelaide
> > >
> > >Phil 'Paisley' Bagust
> > >paisley at cobweb.com.au
> > >
> > >
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> > > message.
> > > -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
> > >
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
> > ---------------
> > Jimmy Deguara
> > Vice President ASWA
> > from Schofields, Sydney
> > e-mail: jimmyd at ozemail.com.au
> > homepage with Michael Bath
> > http://www.australiansevereweather.simplenet.com/
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> > message.
> > -----------------------jacob at iinet.net.au------------------------------
>
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033
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 23:35:22 +1000
From: Keith Barnett [weather at ozemail.com.au]
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.5 [en] (Win95; I)
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To: "aussie-weather at world.std.com" [aussie-weather at world.std.com]
Subject: aus-wx: Seven Hills weather data
Sender: aussie-weather-approval at world.std.com
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See attachment for the latest week's summary...weeklysummaries
Summary of weather observations for Seven Hills--week ended Saturday 17th April, 1999
Observation Reading Date of extreme
Average maximum 24.4
Average minimum 14.3
Average terrestrial minimum 9.7
Highest maximum 27.3 14
Lowest maximum 22.0 16
Highest minimum 18.7 16
Lowest minimum 11.5 13
Highest terrestrial minimum 13.1 16
Lowest terrestrial minimum 7.0 13
Total rainfall 10.6
Rain days 5
Highest daily rainfall 3.0 15
Total evaporation 18.4
Total wind run 928.0
Highest wind run 183.0 10
Lowest barometer 1017.0 13
Highest barometer 1031.9 10
Thunder 2
Lightning 2
Hail 0
Frost 0
Fog 3
Byram Keetch drought index as at 16/4/1999 48.1
Last Updated on 17/04/99
By Keith Barnett
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| Document: 990417.htm
Updated: 19 April 1999 |
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